State, Society and Democracy
A Reader in Namibian Politics
Auch verfügbar in English
Der Hintergrund für die Veröffentlichung der Publikation ist die wachsende Forderung der Öffentlichkeit nach mehr Verfügbarkeit von Quellen in Hinblick auf die stetig wachsende Relevanz. Die erste Ausgabe erschien 2000 und war schnell ausverkauft. Das Buch wurde sehr bald eine "Schlüsselquelle" und Textbuch für Studenten und Forscher aus verschiedenen Fachbereichen in Namibia und anderen Ländern. Auch in politischen Kreisen wurde das Buch schnell bekannt.
Since the book was first published on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Namibia’s independence, this reprint could be considered as a contribution towards Namibia’s 20th anniversary in 2010. Although certain aspects of some of the contributions may seem outdated, they have remained highly topical.
| Acknowledgements | vii |
| List of Contributors | viii |
| List of Abbreviations | ix |
| Introduction Christiaan Keulder | 1 |
| The Three Key Concepts | 2 |
| State | 2 |
| Society | 4 |
| Democracy | 8 |
| The Scope of this Book | 10 |
| Economic and Social Transformation in the Process of Colonisation: Society and State Before and During German Rule Henning Melber | 16 |
| The “Home Front”: Features of “Internal” Development towards Socio-economic Change | 17 |
| Increasing Foreign Influence: Interactions in the Course of New Exchange Patterns Emerging and the Establishment of Colonial Relations | 22 |
| Final Defeat: The Establishment of Formal Colonial Rule | 28 |
| The New System: Colonial-capitalist Relations in a Settler Society | 37 |
| The Character and Impact of the Early Colonial State | 40 |
| State and Society under South African Rule André du Pisani | 49 |
| Introduction | 49 |
| The State | 49 |
| Civil Society | 50 |
| The Making of the Apartheid Sate: 1915-1960 | 52 |
| Mandate: A Cautionary Tale | 53 |
| The Urban Arena | 58 |
| Party Formation | 59 |
| Black Resistance | 60 |
| The Origins of the Legal Dispute | 61 |
| The Politics of Resistance: 1959-1972 | 62 |
| Odendaal: Unto Each Its Own “Ethnic” Space | 64 |
| Political Recommendations | 66 |
| The Politics of Controlled Change: 1971-1989 | 68 |
| Conclusions | 74 |
| The Constitution: Its Impact on Namibian Statehood and Politics Gerhard Erasmus | 77 |
| Introduction: Statehood through a Constitution | 77 |
| The Origins of the Constitution | 79 |
| What is a Constitution? | 83 |
| Basic Features of the Namibian Constitution | 86 |
| Life under the Constitution: What is the Record? | 93 |
| How to Evaluate the Record | 93 |
| The Constitution as the Founding Document for the Namibian State | 94 |
| The Constitution as a National Compact | 96 |
| The Constitution as a Yardstick for Good Governance | 98 |
| The Constitution as an International Ticket | 100 |
| Appendix | 105 |
| List of human rights abuse cases brought to court in Namibia | 105 |
| Decentralisation and State-Building at the Local Level Gerhard Tötemeyer | 108 |
| Introduction | 108 |
| Local Democracy and Empowerment | 108 |
| Decentralisation and the Parameters of National Policy | 112 |
| Forms of Decentralisation | 114 |
| Local Authorities in Namibia | 115 |
| Before Independence | 115 |
| Since Independence | 118 |
| Strengthening Local Authorities | 120 |
| Regional Government | 123 |
| Creating New Structures | 123 |
| Linking the Regions and the Centre | 125 |
| The Functions | 126 |
| Traditional Authorities | 132 |
| Decentralisation within the Namibian Context | 133 |
| Key Elements of the Policy | 134 |
| Powers and Functions to be Decentralised | 137 |
| Development Coordinating Committees, and Development Committees | 143 |
| Concluding Remarks | 145 |
| Traditional Leaders Christiaan Keulder | 150 |
| Introduction | 150 |
| Defining Traditional Leadership | 151 |
| The Issues | 154 |
| Models of Traditional Leadership | 155 |
| The Kingdoms of Northern Namibia | 155 |
| Chieftainships | 157 |
| Headmenships | 158 |
| Postcolonial Developments | 159 |
| The Jurisdiction of Traditional Leaders | 161 |
| Political Structures and Processes Affecting the Institution of Traditional Leadership | 161 |
| The State of the Institution | 163 |
| Structural Problems | 163 |
| Additional Problems | 164 |
| Addressing the Problems | 166 |
| Traditional Authorities and the State | 168 |
| A Concise History of Gender, “Tradition” and the State in Namibia Heike Becker | 171 |
| A Controversial Law | 171 |
| Theoretical Perspectives on Gender, Tradition and the State | 173 |
| The Construction of Gender | 173 |
| Gender and “Tradition” | 173 |
| Gender and the State in Africa | 175 |
| A Glance at Precolonial Gender in Namibia | 177 |
| Gender, “Tradition” and the State in Colonial Namibia | 178 |
| The Gender Politics of the Nationalist Struggle | 182 |
| Gender and the State in Postcolonial Namibia | 186 |
| National Gender Policy | 189 |
| Non-governmental Women’s Movements in Postcolonial Namibia | 190 |
| Priority Issues | 190 |
| Strategic Debates and Attempts to Forge “Women’s Unity” | 191 |
| Gender, “Tradition” and Authority in Rural Namibia | 193 |
| Some Concluding Remarks on Gender, “Tradition” and the Postcolonial State in Namibia | 195 |
| The State and Labour Relations: Walking the Tightrope between Corporatism and Neo-liberalism Martin Sycholt and Gilton Klerck | 200 |
| Introduction | 200 |
| State and Government | 201 |
| Theories of Labour Relations and of the State | 201 |
| Unitarism | 202 |
| Pluralism | 203 |
| Radical/Conflict Approach | 204 |
| Political Ideologies and Economic Growth | 205 |
| The Relationship between the State and Labour Relations | 207 |
| Market Individualism | 208 |
| Liberal Collectivism | 208 |
| Corporatism | 208 |
| Contextualising the Namibian State | 210 |
| Inherited Constraints | 210 |
| Exile Politics – Authoritarian and Pragmatic | 210 |
| The Regional and International Context | 211 |
| Nationalism and Development | 212 |
| Economic Policy and Labour Relations | 214 |
| The State and the Social Partnership Challenge. | 216 |
| Levels of State Involvement in Labour Relations | 222 |
| Government as Legislator | 223 |
| Government as Regulator | 223 |
| Judiciary – the Labour Court | 225 |
| The State as Employer | 228 |
| Conclusion | 232 |
| Namibia’s Emerging Political Culture Christiaan Keulder, Antonie Nord and Christoph Emminghaus | 237 |
| Introduction | 237 |
| Survey data | |
| Orientation towards Institutions | 240 |
| Participation and Competition in Elections | 241 |
| Political Participation Outside Elections | 245 |
| Freedom of Speech and the Right to Criticise Government | 245 |
| Democracy and a Culture of Conflict Resolution | 247 |
| Tolerance | 248 |
| Orientation toward the State, Society, Culture and Identity | 250 |
| Expectations and the Issue of Legitimacy | 252 |
| Conclusion | 260 |
| Voting Behaviour in Namibia Christiaan Keulder | 264 |
| Introduction | 264 |
| Explaining the Vote | 265 |
| The Ethnic Vote | 267 |
| The Party Identification (Loyalty) Vote | 268 |
| The Protest Vote | 270 |
| The Tactical Vote | 270 |
| The Pocket-book Vote | 271 |
| The Sociotropic Vote | 272 |
| Towards an Explanation of Voting Behaviour in Namibia | 273 |
| Voter Motivation | 273 |
| Party Choice | 278 |
| Voters and Party Sympathy | 282 |
| The Independent Associations | 287 |
| Voters and their Sources of Information | 289 |
| Conclusions and Future Directions | 293 |
| Namibian Foreign Policy: Transformation and Emerging Global Orders (1989-1999) André du Pisani | 297 |
| Foreign Policy | 298 |
| Sources | 301 |
| South Africa | 302 |
| Angola | 305 |
| Africa | 306 |
| Economic Diplomacy | 307 |
| Multilateralism | 308 |
| Fractures | 309 |
| Conclusions | 311 |
| Index | 313 |
erschienen
Namibia, 1. Februar 2010
ISBN
978-99916-0265-3
