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Social Cohesion in Djibouti in Light of the Recent Inter-community Clashes

Over the past four years, Djibouti has seen repeated violent clashes between the (Somali) Issa and Afar communities, the country’s two dominant ethnic groups. The most recent intercommunal clashes occurred in December 2023 and resulted in at least one death, several injuries, and the burning of residential buildings. The clashes were the result of unprecedented violence, some of which is believed to have been imported into the country from Ethiopia. In Djibouti, specific identities are gaining prominence at the expense of inclusive identities, while social and institutional trust is eroding and cooperation for the common good remains weak.
June 29, 2026 Order details

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This study seeks to develop insights that will assist public authorities and civil society in taking action to better understand the issue of inter-community violence in Djibouti, particularly in relation to social cohesion. In terms of methodology, the study is based on a qualitative survey combined with a historical analysis. From a theoretical perspective, the study draws on the concept of social cohesion put forward by Leininger et al., who measure it through the following three constituent elements: identity, trust and cooperation for the common good.

 

NOTE: The paper is currently available only in French language.

 

NOTE: L'article n'est disponible qu'en langue française pour le moment.

 

HINWEIS: Das Paper ist derzeit nur in französischer Sprache verfügbar.

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Social Cohesion in Light of the Recent Inter-community Clashes in Djibouti
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Contact Jan-Ole Voß
Jan-Ole_Voß
Director Regional Programme Security Dialogue for East Africa
jan-ole.voss@kas.de

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