Key takeaways

• The COVID-19 pandemic marks a decisive moment for the EU.

• The liberal international order is in a state of crisis and in times when the United States pulls out of international institutions it is up to the EU to defend a rules-based multilateralism.

• COVID-19 has uncovered vulnerabilities, including inside the EU. Yet, the EU’s economic measures show that European institutions are not the inflexible bureaucratic behemoths some would consider them to be.

• For Europe, the transatlantic alliance remains indispensable despite all turbulences; but it “ought to work on the vision of one day establishing a proper European army” to complement NATO.

You can download the entire report as a pdf.