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Multiculturalism and Building a Stable System: Protection of Individual Civil and Political Rights

From the Tuesday Salon "Multiculturalism and Building a Stable System: Protection of Individual Civil and Political Rights" held on June 1st 2021, written by Ferdi Kamberi

The concept of multiculturalism includes cultures, races, ethnicities or minority groups, which have specific characteristics within a culture or politics. In Kosovo, this concept is included in the highest legal-political act in the Constitution of Kosovo and that ethnic groups / non-majority communities are protected as a separate category. However, in practice the implementation of legislation still remains a challenge which is often mentioned in international reports.

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The concept of multiculturalism includes cultures, races, ethnicities or minority groups, which have specific characteristics within a culture or politics. In Kosovo, this concept is included in the highest legal-political act in the Constitution of Kosovo and that ethnic groups / non-majority communities are protected as a separate category. However, in practice the implementation of legislation still remains a challenge which is often mentioned in international reports.

During the Tuesday Salon on this topic the panelists opened the discussion and highlighted very interesting issues. One of the issues that was touched upon in this segment was the development and treatment of the concept of multiculturalism in the Kosovar context and its connection with state policies for the integration of ethnic communities or minorities, which have their rights and are part of the cultural heritage and the Kosovar mosaic. The sociological concept of culture today has a number of definitions, including the cultural approach attributed to the union, division, or distinction of people themselves as beings.

Identity is characterized as a psycho-physical description of the individual and often identities are created not only on the basis of similarities but also differences with the other. Two perspectives on this issue are: multiculturalism as an external reality as the ‘presence of the other’ and as an internal reality, for which the Kosovar society is in need today. Kosovo has a cultural, ethnic, linguistic diversity and there are communities that need to be further developed and integrated. Cultural diversity is a value in itself and enriches the cultural treasure. Therefore, to preserve this treasure it is necessary to have a more flexible communication (between cultures), in particular in creating new opportunities for cooperation with schools through education, cooperation with artists and civil society.

Within this topic the segment of gender equality as an important value of society was also discussed. The fact that, gender equality should not be just a women's issue, but a common issue of men and women, because men have lost a lot from the discrimination and inequalities they have inflicted on women, was emphasized.

Another argument raised within this discourse was the issue of societal discrimination, which may reflect on the division of society and the creation of new barriers to non-social integration, which would affect the stagnation of society itself and the fading of the Kosovar democracy.

The different views during the panel emphasized several times the fact that a comprehensive communication is needed not only in certain situations, but also in social discourses, debates, in the media, through civil society, as well as through the involvement of other actors. This way would reflect that each individual feels part of Kosovar society, realizing that society has 'different spices' which means that there is room for everyone.

In the legislative aspect, the issue that Kosovo has a Constitution which presents the Kosovar society as a multi-ethnic society was underlined. Often in international reports, Kosovo continues to be presented as a country that has stalled in respecting and promoting human rights. Thus, a democratic and stable system is one that protects the mosaic of cultures as a value and treasure of society not only in terms of cultural heritage, but also as a constitutional legal value.

Whereas, the most controversial issue within this panel was the marginalization of non-majority communities and the issue of implementation of legislation in practice, respectively the creation of institutional mechanisms which would affect the improvement of the existing situation.

In general, during the discussion, the need that the state of Kosovo should educate its citizens to accept 'the difference' in others was emphasized. The establishment of a stable system would be done when the legislation in force is implemented. Also, cases related to discrimination should be addressed and, in this way, Kosovo will be able to remove negative narratives from international reports.

The general conclusion from this salon, was that quite a significant progress has been made in terms of accepting multiculturalism in the Kosovar society and that different communities which enjoy rights are involved. Although, in order to have a more stable system, it is very necessary for the legislation to be implemented in practice, and this should be done through more efficient monitoring mechanisms.

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