This report provides a preliminary understanding of the history, opportunities and risks of AWSs and AI in armed conflicts, highlights the main legal and security debates on the development and use of these fast-evolving technologies, and illustrates how their rapid adoption could impact trans-Atlantic security. The report also explores potential mitigation measures that could be adopted regarding the development, design, and use of AWS and AI systems.
This report is based on a comprehensive review of publicly available sources, including government and military reports, policy briefs, academic literature, and investigative journalism on AI, drones, and AWS. We analyzed media coverage and expert commentary to assess current trends, emerging risks, and key debates surrounding the integration of AI in military decision-making and warfare. In addition to desk research, we conducted interviews with subject matter experts, including policymakers, military analysts, legal scholars, and technology specialists. These discussions provided valuable insights into the geopolitical, ethical, and security implications of AWS and AI, as well as potential regulatory responses.
By combining qualitative analysis with expert perspectives, this report aims to offer a nuanced understanding of the evolving role of AI and drones in transatlantic security.