Senate elections in France

The whole of Europe is eagerly awaiting the 2027 presidential election in France. Yet it is often forgotten that during late summer 2026, on 27 September 2026, another important election will shape the political Rentrée: the partial renewal of the Senate. The upper house of the French Parliament comprises 348 senators, who are elected for six-year terms, with half the seats being up for election every three years. The last Senate elections on 24 September 2023 confirmed the existing centre-right majority. The Senate is not elected directly, but by an electoral college (Grands Électeurs), which is predominantly made up of local councillors and members of parliament at national and regional level; the election takes place at the level of the départements (which represent the constituencies for the Senate elections) and the minimum age for standing for election is 24. The electoral system varies depending on the size of the constituencies: in départements with up to three seats to be filled – which constitute the majority – a two-round first-past-the-post system applies, while in larger départements with four or more seats, elections are held under a proportional representation system. This system gives smaller and rural local authorities, in particular, disproportionate influence. Against this institutional backdrop, there are strong indications that the Senate will continue to be characterised by a stable centre-right majority even after the elections. Nevertheless, a few months before the presidential election, politically symbolic shifts could occur – particularly through the possible formation of a separate parliamentary group by the Rassemblement National (RN). At present, the party holds only three seats in the Senate; however, given its strengthened local roots, it could reach the threshold of ten seats required to form a parliamentary group.