Main findings
• A majority of the Arab public (64.6% of respondents) believe in Arab–Jewish political cooperation, but only 44.7% think that the Jewish public actually supports such cooperation.
• With regard to what determines the personal identity of Arab citizens, two responses stand out: Arab identity (35.9%) and Israeli citizenship (31.7%). Two additional factors are religious affiliation (17.3%) and Palestinian identity (14.7%).
• About half of the Arab public (47.3%) believe that the most realistic solution to the Israeli– Palestinian conflict is two states based on the 1967 boundaries. Only 14% believe the most realistic solution is one state from the river to the sea for both Israelis and Palestinians, and 8.5% advocate a regional solution with international mediation. In contrast, 21% of respondents believe that no political solution is on the horizon.
• A large majority (77.4%) support the participation of an Arab party in the government formed after the next elections: 45.6% support joining any government that is formed, while 31.8% support joining a center-left government. These figures are similar to the findings of earlier surveys conducted by the Konrad Adenauer Program during the war.
• An overwhelming majority of the respondents (74%) stated that the most important issue for the Arab public is to address the problem of violence and crime. Other notable issues are resolving the Palestinian issue (7.6%) and the regulation of planning and construction in Arab towns (7%).
• An overwhelming majority of the Arab public (76.6%) report feeling a weak sense of personal security. The main factor they cite is the high number of violent incidents in Arab towns (51.9%), alongside concerns about the outbreak of a new war in the region (14.2%), the situation of the Palestinians in Gaza (11.3%), and economic distress (10%). In contrast, a large majority (73.4%) of survey participants report that their economic situation is relatively good—the highest rate reported in surveys conducted by the Konrad Adenauer Program during the war.
• A large proportion of the respondents (39.7%) believe that the institution most capable of addressing the problem of violence and crime in Arab society is the government, while 22.3% believe it to be the police. 25% of the respondents believe that parents and immediate family are the ones best able to address the problem.
• A large majority of the respondents (74.6%) stated that relations between Arab and Jewish citizens in Israel have deteriorated over the past two years due to the war; 45.8% even noted that relations have deteriorated significantly. 37.5% of respondents said that their sense of belonging to the state has weakened over the past two years because of the war. At the same time, 50.8% said that the war did not affect their feelings toward the state one way or the other.