The contemporary European energy landscape faces an acute reordering characterized by the rupture of legacy hydrocarbon corridors, the accelerated decarbonization of industrial demand, and the securitization of supply geographies against chokepoint dependencies. This fragmentation has created an unprecedented opportunity structure for states possessing credible renewable capital and Atlantic-facing infrastructure to project energy influence beyond their territorial boundaries.
Morocco’s energy strategy emerges within this context as a deliberate infrastructural response to several converging dynamics: the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, which transformed the European Union’s gas supply crisis into a permanent structural reorientation materialized in REPowerEU, the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), the Renewable Energy Directive III, and the European Hydrogen Bank, a set of instruments that collectively privilege geographically proximate and decarbonized supply partners; the October 2021 rupture of the Maghreb-Europe Gas Pipeline when Algiers unilaterally declined to renew the transit contract, severing Morocco from its historical gas supply and, paradoxically, freeing the Kingdom to reinvent that same infrastructure in reverse by importing Spanish regasified LNG through the same pipeline under ONHYM’s leadership; and the more recent closure of the Strait of Hormuz following the US-Israeli campaign against Iran, which tightened European demand for Atlantic-routed, non-chokepoint supply and sharpened the strategic value of the corridors Morocco had already begun to build.
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