The EAG Policy Paper Number 4 of KAS and RCCP entitled “Actors Changing Roles – New Dynamics in the Middle East” analyzes the current security situation in the region and the increasing role of non-state actors within the context of security policy. The new dynamics includes a shift in the regional balance of power following re-emerging actors on the regional agenda, among them Iran and Russia, but also non-state actors. In addition, the role of state actors is changing.