Gaza’s Post-War Order: Restart under Oversight?

UN Security Council Resolution 2803 endorses the U.S. 20-Point Plan for Gaza, establishing an international framework for post-war governance, stabilization, and reconstruction. It mandates a Board of Peace (BoP) as a transitional administration overseeing a Palestinian technocratic committee and authorizes an International Stabilization Force (ISF) to secure Gaza, support demilitarization, oversee ceasefire implementation, and train vetted Palestinian police forces. Humanitarian aid is to resume under UN and Red Cross leadership, while a World Bank trust fund will coordinate reconstruction financing. The PA cautiously supports the resolution despite unresolved questions about its role, the division of responsibilities between new bodies, the approach to disarmament, and Israel’s resistance to any PA involvement.

Reactions among Palestinian factions and regional actors are deeply divided. Hamas and Islamic Jihad reject the plan as an externally imposed trusteeship that undermines Palestinian sovereignty, while left-wing PLO factions criticize its break with earlier international legal frameworks. Arab states accept it largely for pragmatic reasons, seeking to prevent Hamas’ return while avoiding long-term Israeli control. International observers warn of legitimacy gaps, unclear implementation mechanisms, and the risk that Hamas may retain de-facto influence. Still, the resolution marks the first substantive attempt to stabilize Gaza, create security structures, and enable reconstruction after two years of a devastating war.

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