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Benoit Tessier, Reuters

“It Is a Geopolitical Urgency that the Sahel Be Made a Paradise”

Lessons from Afghanistan for German Policy-making in the Sahel

Will Mali become the new Afghanistan? If it were up to Iyad Ag Ghaly, the leader of the al-Qaeda group in the Sahel, that is precisely what we could expect. Even before Kabul had fallen completely to the Taliban, he congratulated his Afghani brothers-in-arms with the words “We are winning. Our hour has come.” But even in political Berlin, many wonder what the West’s hasty withdrawal from Kabul means for its involvement in the Sahel. The context of this question: Now the Afghanistan mission has ended, the mission to Mali is by far the largest for the German Bundes­wehr. But to what extent can we even compare the two missions? And, despite their pronounced differences, are there lessons from Afghanistan that can be applied to Mali and the Sahel – for the Bundeswehr mission and for the direction of German (development) policy-making? A central difference between Afghanistan and the Sahel is clear to see: Western failure in the Sahel would have a far more direct impact on Germany and Europe than its failure in Afghanistan.

US Army, Reuters

Editorial

“Debacle”, “tragedy”, “political caesura”, “end of an era” – these are just some of the reactions by high-ranking politicians to the withdrawal of NATO troops from Afghani­stan in the summer of 2021. These words illustrate the sense of outrage at how the 20-year engagement in the Hindu Kush came to an end, while also pointing to the profound consequences for Western foreign policy as a whole. In this sense, Afghanistan is far more than “just” a mission with a disastrous ending. Rather, the events raise fundamental questions about how the West perceives its foreign policy and the future strategic direction of security and defence policy. That also applies to the debate about pros and cons of deploying troops abroad and of international interventions. The answers to these questions will have to be accompanied by concrete actions and changes.

Hauke-Christian Dittrich, Reuters

From the Hindu Kush Back to the North European Plain

German Security and Defence Policy after Afghanistan

Following the disastrous final chapter of Germany’s engagement at the Hindu Kush in the summer of 2021, German security policy should finally focus on what has long been recognised as the primary threat to Germany’s interests and, moreover, what is expected and demanded by its allies. Only the Federal Republic can bear the burden of conventional defence in Central Eastern and Northern Europe and act as the backbone of NATO’s (non-nuclear) deterrent against Russia. To this end, the Bundeswehr must – within a few years – restore its lost capability for comprehensive national and collective defence.

Ahmed Jadallah, Reuters

Intervention without a Goal

The Case of Libya and Its Consequences

Almost overnight, the onset of the “Arab Spring” jolted the ­­MENA region out of a collective deep sleep. In Libya, the dream of freedom turned into a nightmare that shocked both the country, and its neighbours in Europe, the Sahel, and North Africa. After two civil wars, a proxy war, but also some encouraging recent developments, it is time to ask: What went wrong in the past ten years? What went right? And which lessons can be learned?

Yazan Homsy, Reuters

Intervention Is Not Always the Solution (but Neither Is Non-Intervention)

Example from Iraq and Syria

Is restraint priority number one? Much discussion currently revolves around the focus of future Western foreign policy and of military interventions. Simple black-and-white answers are of no help. Iraq and Syria are prime examples.

Juristische Auseinandersetzungen im Schatten der internationalen Krise

Ein aktuelles Strafverfahren gegen den ehemaligen Staatspräsidenten Petro Poroschenko belastet die ukrainische Innenpolitik

Am Morgen des 17. Januar 2022 landete der frühere ukrainische Präsident Poroschenko aus Warschau kommend in Kiew, nachdem er gut einen Monat zuvor nach Polen ausgereist war. In der ukrainischen Hauptstadt erwartete ihn bei seiner Rückkehr eine Anklage der Generalstaatsanwaltschaft mit dem Vorwurf des Hochverrats und der Unterstützung terroristischer Vereinigungen. Zwar gab es schon in der Vergangenheit zahlreiche Anklagen, für viele Beobachter hat der aktuelle Vorwurf jedoch eine neue Ebene erreicht. Hintergrund sind umstrittene Kohlelieferungen aus den sogenannten Separatistengebieten in den Jahren 2014/15. Der juristische Vorgang unterstreicht das komplexe Beziehungsgeflecht zwischen der ukrainischen Innen- und Außenpolitik vor dem Hintergrund der gegenwärtigen Bedrohungslage. Bis heute stellt die ukrainische Energieversorgung zudem eine mögliche Achillesferse des Landes dar.

Parlamentswahl in Portugal 2022

Ministerpräsident António Costa bleibt nach dem überraschend deutlichen Wahlsieg seiner Sozialistischen Partei im Amt. Das traditionelle Parteiensystem erfährt eine nachhaltige Veränderung.

Political Thought Nr.63

The Konrad Adenauer Foundation and the Institute for Democracy "Societas Civilis" from Skopje would like to present you the 63rd issue of the journal “Political Thought”.

Wahljahr in Brasilien: zwischen Ungewissheit und Unentschlossenheit

Im Jahr 2022 finden in Brasilien Präsidentschafts- und Parlamentswahlen statt, die die politische Richtung für die nächsten vier Jahre vorgeben werden. Die Regierung von Präsident Jair Bolsonaro hat es in der laufenden Amtszeit nicht geschafft, das Klima der politischen Polarisierung, das den Wahlkampf 2018 geprägt hatte, abzuschwächen. Im Gegenteil: der Präsident hat den Wahlkampfmodus nie verlassen und stets die Konfrontation gesucht, um seine Wählerschaft anzusprechen. Seine Amtsführung war von offenen Konflikten mit allen gekennzeichnet, die sich seinen Entscheidungen widersetzten. Dieser permanent konfrontative Kurs hat ihn die Unterstützung zahlreicher früherer Verbündeter gekostet, die sich heute als Gegner zu seinem Regierungsprojekt präsentieren. Im Wahlkampf 2022 werden ihm aus dem linken Lager der ehemalige Präsident Lula mit seiner Arbeiterpartei (PT) und in der Mitte Kandidaten für den so genannten "dritten Weg", als Herausforderer begegnen. Das brasilianische Wahlszenario wird auf jeden Fall von politischer Polarisierung, wirtschaftlichen Problemen und der Kritik am schwachen Management im Kampf gegen das Coronavirus geprägt sein. Das Ringen um die Gunst der Wähler ist eröffnet und der Ausgang dieser Wahl, die am 2. Oktober 2022 in die erste Runde geht, ist offen und wir zeigen in welche Richtung sich die brasilianische Demokratie entwickelt.

Reuters

War Foretold

On the Genesis and Development of Conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh

Anyone dealing with post-Soviet conflicts between former Soviet republics as a “neutral” foreigner can be sure that in the best case, he or she will only be accepted by one side at a time. It is virtually impossible to be perceived as a “neutral” within an argument. This complicates the goal of organising political dialogue about the problem. Concerning Nagorno-Karabakh, familiarity with the genesis of the conflict’s historical and international legal developments is indispensable and relevant regarding policy options for international actors.

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Facts and Findings

Selected contributions to the series with international relevance

The series informs in a concentrated form about important positions of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung on current topics. The individual issues present key findings and recommendations, offer brief analyses, explain the Foundation's further plans and name KAS contact persons.

 

International Reports

Journal for international issues, foreign policy and development cooperation

International Reports (IR) is the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung's periodical on international politics. It offers political analyses by our experts in Berlin and from more than 100 offices across all regions of the world. Contributions by named authors do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the editorial team.

EPP Party Barometer

The Situation of the European People's Party in the EU

The EPP Party Barometer illustrates the current situation of the EPP party family in the EU. On a non-regular basis, it provides a concise overview of current election results, polls from the member states and the composition of the party family.

Interviews

In our series "Interviews", talks and discussions are held with experts from the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. on various topics.

kurzum

Concise, reduced to the essentials, but always highly topical. In our series "kurzum", our experts summarise an issue or problem on a maximum of two pages.

Country Reports

Short political reports of the KAS offices abroad

The Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung is a political foundation. Our offices abroad are in charge of over 200 projects in more than 120 countries. The country reports offer current analyses, exclusive evaluations, background information and forecasts - provided by our international staff.

Event Reports

The Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, its educational institutions, centres and foreign offices, offer several thousand events on various subjects each year. We provide up to date and exclusive reports on selected conferences, events and symposia at www.kas.de. In addition to a summary of the contents, you can also find additional material such as pictures, speeches, videos or audio clips.