Cognitive Warfare

A Democratic Defence examines how disinformation and digital technologies undermine public trust and threaten democratic institutions. Drawing on international research and examples from countries such as Ukraine, Finland, Sweden, and the Baltic States, the report highlights the importance of social trust, civic engagement, and public awareness in building resilience. It also explores opportunities for closer cooperation between Canada, Germany, and the European Union to strengthen democratic defences and raise awareness of cognitive warfare, particularly among young people.