Since the Hamas attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, and the subsequent Gaza war, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has re-emerged as a central issue in global politics. Israel’s military operations in Gaza and Lebanon, along with rising tensions involving Iran, have intensified the humanitarian crisis and reshaped the regional security landscape. The conflict has gained further international attention with Donald Trump's re-election as U.S. president. His controversial proposals—such as relocating Gaza’s population and suggesting U.S. military control of the territory—have been widely rejected in the Arab world and have diminished hopes for a two-state solution.
Saudi Arabia has reasserted its commitment to Palestinian statehood, balancing regional diplomacy, U.S. relations, and domestic interests. Saudi Arabia has historically supported the Palestinian cause through initiatives like the Arab Peace Initiative and financial aid, though recent dissatisfaction with the Palestinian Authority has led to reduced support. Now, under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Arabia is pursuing three main goals: reaffirming its support for a two-state solution, using its role in peace efforts to negotiate with the U.S., and promoting regional stability to support its own economic transformation.
Saudi Arabia’s involvement reflects a broader strategic effort to balance relationships with Israel and the U.S. while maintaining its leadership role in the Arab world. The potential normalization of ties with Israel is seen as both a diplomatic tool and a way to foster regional de-escalation. However, this approach carries the risk of sidelining the Palestinian cause, deepening divisions, and reducing the chances for a lasting peace. Despite these challenges, Saudi Arabia remains in a strong position to influence the path toward regional stability and a possible resolution to the conflict.
